Nepal, despite having a well-developed school system, faces many problems in the educational sphere: lower-caste discrimination, lack of physical infrastructure, textbooks, a unified national curriculum, monolingual instruction, lack of constructive and critical pedagogical strategies, and more. Furthermore, poverty and social exclusion are major factors contributing to poor educational performance.
About 64% of adults are considered literate in the country. However, many children in remote villages do not have access to education past the primary level. Students often leave primary schools after they learn to read and write but without further education, these skills are easily forgotten. Moreover, the April 2015 earthquake and 2015 blockade destroyed schools and severely impacted the nation’s ability to keep its remaining schools open.